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Process

Translation

Translation

How ribosomes read mRNA and build a protein from amino acids.

Overview

EXPLORE BY LEVEL

A ribosome reads an RNA message and joins amino acids in the order specified by that message to make a protein.

Quick Facts

AT A GLANCE
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Follow the Connections

See how Translation links to other biological records.

Open network
ProcessRNA Processingsupplies message forProcessGene Expressioncan includeConceptThe Genetic coderead duringProcessSteric-Blocking ASO Mechanismscan alter
All 29 Structured Connections
RNA Processing · ProcessSUPPLIES MESSAGE FOR →Translation · Process
Gene Expression · ProcessCAN INCLUDE →Translation · Process
The Genetic code · ConceptREAD DURING →Translation · Process
Steric-Blocking ASO Mechanisms · ProcessCAN ALTER →Translation · Process
Open Reading frame (ORF) · Genomic featureREAD DURING →Translation · Process
Coding Sequence (CDS) · Genomic featureTRANSLATED DURING →Translation · Process
Ribosome · Molecular complexPERFORMS →Translation · Process
Alanine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Arginine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Asparagine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Aspartate · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Cysteine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Glutamine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Glutamate · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Glycine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Histidine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Isoleucine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Leucine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Lysine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Methionine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Phenylalanine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Proline · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Serine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Threonine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Tryptophan · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Tyrosine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Valine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Selenocysteine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process
Pyrrolysine · MoleculeINCORPORATED DURING →Translation · Process

Recommended Reading

Trusted references for learning more about Translation.

textbookFrom RNA to proteinMolecular Biology of the Cell · NCBI Bookshelf textbookFrom DNA to RNAMolecular Biology of the Cell · NCBI Bookshelf articleRNA cleavage products generated by antisense oligonucleotides and siRNAs are processed by the RNA surveillance machineryNucleic Acids Research · PMID 26843429 guideOpen Reading FrameNational Human Genome Research Institute
Show 1 more sources
The Compartmentalization of CellsMolecular Biology of the Cell · NCBI Bookshelf · textbook
Research Claims

Translation is regulated through initiation factors, RNA features, codon decoding, ribosome dynamics, quality control, and organelle-specific translation systems.